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            <titlestmt>
                <title>For a Venetian Pastoral, by Giorgione (in the
                    Louvre) </title>
                <title>Sonnets for Pictures 4. A Venetian Pastoral, by Giorgione; in the Louvre</title>
                <author>Dante Gabriel Rossetti</author>
                
                
            </titlestmt>
            <editionstmt>
                <edition>1</edition>
            </editionstmt>
            <extent/>
            
            
            <notesstmt/>
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        <profiledesc>
            <date compdate="1849-10">1849 October</date>
            <subject/>
            <form>
                <rhyme>abbaaccadefdef</rhyme>
                <meter>iambic</meter>
                <genre>sonnet</genre>
            </form>
            <addressee/>
            <model>
                <name/>
                <note/>
            </model>
            <repainting>
                <date/>
                <desc/>
            </repainting>
            <source>
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                            <title/>
                            <author/>
                            <city/>
                            <publisher/>
                            <date/>
                            <pages/>
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                        <note/>
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                            <title/>
                            <author/>
                            <city/>
                            <publisher/>
                            <date/>
                            <pages/>
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                        <note/>
                    </citntranslationoriginal>
                    <citnpictorial>
                        <title>
                            <xref doc="a.op38.rap">Le Concert champêtre</xref>
                        </title>
                        <artist>Tiziano Vecellio (Titian) (1488/89-1576)</artist>
                        <location>Louvre</location>
                        <bibl>
                            <title/>
                            <author/>
                            <city/>
                            <publisher/>
                            <date/>
                            <pages/>
                        </bibl>
                        <note>
                            <xref doc="a.op38.rap">The painting</xref> sometimes goes by the
                                title<hi rend="i">
                                <title lang="french" level="pic">Fête Champêtre</title>
                            </hi> (or<hi rend="i">
                                <title lang="french" level="pic">Pastorale</title>
                            </hi>). The attribution to Giorgione, though still thought possible by
                            some scholars, is now largely rejected.</note>
                    </citnpictorial>
                    <citnmythic>
                        <name/>
                        <culture/>
                        <bibl>
                            <title/>
                            <author/>
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                        <place/>
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            <commentaries>
                <head>Commentary</head>
                <section type="intro">
                    <head>Introduction</head>
                    <p>When DGR saw the <xref doc="a.op38.rap">picture</xref> in the Louvre he wrote
                        to his brother that it was <cit>&#8220;<quote>so intensely fine that I
                                condescended to sit down before it and write a sonnet. You have
                                heard me rave about the engraving before, and I fancy have seen it
                                yourself. There is a woman, naked, at one side, who is dipping a
                                glass vessel into a well; and in the centre two men and another
                                naked woman, who seem to have paused for a moment in playing on the
                                musical instruments</quote>&#8221; (<bibl>
                        <author>Fredeman</author>, 
                                <xref doc="a." workcode="40-1849">
                           <title level="wrk">
                              <hi rend="i">Correspondence</hi>
                           </title>
                        </xref> 
                                <pages>49. 18</pages>
                            </bibl>
                        </cit>, letter of 8 October 1849).</p>
                    <p>The sonnet is very Keatsian in its appreciation of art, or aesthetic space,
                        as emblematic of an &#8220;immortality&#8221; unavailable to flesh
                        and blood humans. As in the &#8220;<title level="wrk">
                            <xref doc="a.keats001.002.rad" link="dead">Ode on A Grecian Urn</xref>
                        </title>,&#8221; here DGR suggests that the painting's figures, in
                        particular the woman dipping the water pitcher, seem half-conscious of their
                        aesthetic condition. To the degree that the woman is conscious, to that
                        extent she recalls <xref doc="a.1-1847.s244.raw">
                            <title level="wrk">&#8220;The Blessed Damozel&#8221;</title>
                        </xref>, whose emparadised state is transacted by a melancholy that arises
                        because her lover is not with her. In this sonnet the woman's purely
                        imaginative status refines the textual melancholy to an exquisite degree.
                        The injunction at lines 12-13 is made as if to suggest that the
                        reader/viewer must not break the spell of her aesthesis, as if to suggest
                        that the spell of art is itself as fragile as any living being, and might
                            <hi rend="i">be</hi> broken.</p>
                </section>
                <section type="texthistcomp">
                    <head>Textual History: Composition</head>
                    <p>DGR wrote the sonnet in front of the picture early in October 1849, during
                        his stay in Paris. Two manuscripts survive: the <xref doc="a.dgr.ltr.0555.rad" from="[5]" workcode="40-1849">fair 
                            copy</xref> in DGR's letter to his brother of 8 October 1849 
                        (the earliest copy), and the <xref doc="a.poemssonnets.fizms.rad" from="[63r]" workcode="40-1849">corrected copy</xref> gathered 
                        in the Fitzwilliam Museum's 
                        bound volume of DGR manuscripts relating (mostly) &#8220;The House of Life&#8221; sonnets.  The latter show the revisions DGR made for publication in the 1870 
                        <title level="doc" rend="i">
                            <xref doc="a.1-1870.1stedn.rad" workcode="40-1849">Poems</xref>
                        </title>.</p>
                    <p>A <xref doc="a.40-1849.sangms.rad">copy</xref> made by WMR sometime in the early twentieth-century exhibits both the version published in 1850 and the later version published in 1870.</p>
                </section>
                <section type="texthistrev">
                    <head>Textual History: Revision</head>
                    <p/>
                    <p>The major revisions were made before the poem was first set in
                        type (in the <xref doc="a.1-1870.penkb.trox.rad" workcode="40-1849">Penkill
                        Proofs</xref>, August 1869), but further changes came as the text went
                        through the proof process of 1869-70 (which eventuated in the publication of
                        the 1870 <title level="doc" rend="i">
                            <xref doc="a.1-1870.raw">Poems</xref>
                        </title>). The version printed in the <title level="per" rend="i">
                            <xref doc="a.ap4.g415.1.4.rad" workcode="40-1849" from="181">Germ</xref>
                        </title> no. 4 (1850) is very close to the initial composition, though it
                        does show variations at several points. Kenneth Ireland sees the 1850
                        version as far truer to the original painting than the 1870 text.</p>
                </section>
                <section type="prodhist">
                    <head>Production History</head>
                    <p/>
                </section>
                <section type="recepthist">
                    <head>Reception</head>
                    <p/>
                </section>
                <section type="icon">
                    <head>Iconographic</head>
                    <p/>
                </section>
                <section type="printhist">
                    <head>Printing History</head>
                    <p>First published in the <bibl>
                            <title level="per" rend="i">
                                <xref doc="a.ap4.g415.1.4.rad" workcode="40-1849" from="181">
                                    <hi rend="i">Germ</hi>
                                </xref>
                            </title> no. 4 (<date>30 April 1850</date>)</bibl>. DGR reprinted the
                        poem in the <xref doc="a.1-1870.penkb.trox.rad" workcode="40-1849">Penkill
                        Proofs</xref>, where its text is already much closer to the received version
                        than to the <title level="per" rend="i">
                            <xref doc="a.ap4.g415.1.4.rad" workcode="40-1849" from="181">Germ</xref>
                        </title> text. The proof process of 1869-1870, toward the publicaton of the
                            1870 <title level="doc" rend="i">
                            <xref doc="a.1-1870.1stedn.rad" workcode="40-1849">Poems</xref>
                        </title>, resulted in the work as received.</p>
                </section>
                <section type="pictorial">
                    <head>Pictorial</head>
                    <p>
                        <xref doc="a.op38.rap">The painting</xref> was once firmly attributed to
                        Giorgione, and indeed Berenson preserves the attribution. But scholars now
                        generally assign the work to Titian. It is often known by the title <hi rend="i">
                            <title lang="french" level="pic">Pastorale</title>
                        </hi>, and is sometimes called <hi rend="i">
                            <title lang="french" level="pic">Fête Champêtre</title>
                        </hi>. Seen as Titian's work it is dated early sixteenth-century, shortly
                        after the death of Giorgione. The work is read as Titian's act of homage to
                        his great predecessor. Whatever the personal attribution, however, the
                        painting is an important instance of what Pater famously labelled
                        &#8220;The School of Giorgione&#8221;, which introduced a
                        powerfully poetic element into pictorial space.</p>
                </section>
                <section type="historical">
                    <head>Historical</head>
                    <p/>
                </section>
                <section type="literary">
                    <head>Literary</head>
                    <p/>
                </section>
                <section type="translation">
                    <head>Translation</head>
                    <p/>
                </section>
                <section type="autobio">
                    <head>Autobiographical</head>
                    <p/>
                </section>
                <section type="biblio">
                    <head>Bibliographic</head>
                    <p>
                        <bibl>
                            <author>Barolsky</author>, <title level="bk" rend="i">
                                <xref doc="a.barolsky001.rad" link="dead" from="130" workcode="40-1849" to="133">Walter Pater's Renaissance</xref>
                            </title>,<pages>130-133</pages>
                        </bibl>
                        <bibl>
                            <author>Gregory</author>, <xref doc="a.gregory.vol2.rad" link="dead" from="109" workcode="40-1849">
                                <title level="bk">
                                    <hi rend="i">The Life and Works of DGR</hi>
                                </title>
                            </xref>
                            <pages>II. 109</pages>
                        </bibl>
                        <bibl>
                            <author>Hardinge</author>, <title level="es">
                                <xref doc="a.templebar.001.rad" link="dead">&#8220;Louvre Sonnets of DGR&#8221;</xref>
                            </title>,&#8221; (<date>1891</date>), <pages>433-443</pages>
                        </bibl>
                        <bibl>
                            <author>Ireland</author>, &#8220;<title level="es">
                                <xref doc="a.pr461.v53.rad" link="dead" from="303" workcode="40-1849" to="315">DGR's Versions of Giorgione</xref>
                            </title>,&#8221; (<date>1979</date>), <pages>303-315</pages>
                        </bibl>
                        <bibl>
                            <author>Landow</author>, &#8220;<title level="es">
                                <xref doc="a.sromantic.001.rad" link="dead" from="257" workcode="40-1849" to="258">Rossetti's Typological Structures</xref>
                            </title>,&#8221; (<date>1978</date>), <pages>257-258</pages>
                        </bibl>
                        <bibl>
                            <author>Riede</author>, <xref doc="a.nx547.6.r67r53.rad" link="dead" from="217" workcode="40-1849">
                                <title level="bk">
                                    <hi rend="i">DGR and the Limits of Victorian Vision</hi>
                                </title>
                            </xref>,<pages>217</pages>
                        </bibl>
                        <bibl>
                            <author>Stein</author>, <xref doc="a.pr469.a7s7.rad" link="dead" from="19" workcode="40-1849" to="23">
                                <title level="bk">
                                    <hi rend="i">Ritual of Interpretation.</hi>
                                </title>
                            </xref>, <pages>19-23</pages>
                        </bibl>
                        <bibl>
                            <author>Wagner</author>, <xref doc="a.pr589.s7w34.rad" link="dead" from="147" workcode="40-1849" to="148">
                                <hi rend="i">
                                    <title level="bk">A Moment's Monument</title>
                                </hi>
                            </xref>
                            <pages>147-148</pages>)</bibl>
                    </p>
                </section>
            </commentaries>
            <linenotes>
                <basis>
                    <xref doc="a.1-1881.1stedn.rad" from="260" workcode="40-1849">1881 <hi rend="i">Poems</hi> First Edition text</xref>
                </basis>
                <lines n="1">
                    <gloss>solstice: i.e., the summer solstice, but also &#8220;more
                        figuratively&#8221; a moment seen as both liminal and immobilized.</gloss>
                </lines>
                <lines n="14">
                    <gloss>See <xref doc="a.pr5240.f11.rad" from="665" workcode="1-1911">WMR's note
                        (1911).</xref> DGR wrote to his brother about this line because WMR
                            &#8220;<quote>preferred the old line</quote>&#8221; (i.e., the
                        line as printed in the <title level="per" rend="i">
                            <xref doc="a.ap4.g415.1.4.rad" workcode="40-1849" from="181">Germ</xref>
                        </title> in 1850: &#8220;<quote>Silence of heat, and solemn
                        poetry.</quote>&#8221;). DGR thought that original line
                            &#8220;<quote>quite bad. &#8216;<quote>Solemn
                            poetry</quote>&#8217; belongs to the class of phrases absolutely
                            forbidden I think <hi rend="i">in</hi> poetry. It is intellectually
                            incestuous,&#8212;poetry seeking to beget its emotional offpring on
                            its own identity. Whereas I see nothing too
                            &#8216;<quote>ideal</quote>&#8217; in the present line. It
                            gives only the momentary contact with the immortal which results from
                            sensuous culmination and is always a half conscious element of
                        it</quote>&#8221; (see <bibl>
                     <author>Fredeman</author>, 
                            <xref doc="a.">
                        <hi rend="i">Correspondence</hi>
                     </xref>, 
                            <pages>69. 139</pages>
                        </bibl>; and Peattie,<bibl>
                            <xref doc="a.pr5249.r2z48.rad" link="dead" from="225" workcode="40-1849">
                                <title level="bk">
                                    <hi rend="i">Selected Letters of WMR</hi>
                                </title>
                            </xref>, 
                            <pages>225</pages>
                        </bibl>). DGR's comment strikes to one of his deepest convictions: that
                            &#8220;<quote>sensuous culmination</quote>&#8221; develops a
                            &#8220;<quote>momentary contact with the
                        immortal</quote>&#8221;. It is crucial that in DGR's view this contact
                        is realized in the mind as well as the body. Perhaps his most elborate
                        treatment of this conviction comes in<title level="wrk" rend="i">
                            <xref doc="a.44-1869.raw">The House of Life</xref>
                        </title>, the 1870 text, sonnets IV-VI (&#8220;<title level="wrk">
                            <xref doc="a.4-1869.raw">The Kiss</xref>
                        </title>,&#8221; &#8220;<title level="wrk">
                            <xref doc="a.5-1869.raw">Nuptial Sleep</xref>
                        </title>,&#8221; and &#8220;<title level="wrk">
                            <xref doc="a.2-1870.raw">Supreme Surrender</xref>
                        </title>&#8221;).</gloss>
                </lines>
            </linenotes>
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