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         <titlestmt>
            <title>Ligeia Siren</title>
            <author>Dante Gabriel Rossetti</author>

         </titlestmt>
         <editionstmt>
            <edition>1</edition>
         </editionstmt>
         <extent/>


         <notesstmt/>
      </filedesc>
      <encodingdesc/>
      <profiledesc>
         <date>1873 March</date>
         <classification>
            <scheme type="">
               <keyword/>
            </scheme>
         </classification>
         <subject/>
         <form>
            <rhyme/>
            <meter/>
            <genre/>
         </form>
         <addressee/>
         <model>
            <name>unknown</name>
            <note>Treffry Dunn found this female model for DGR.</note>
         </model>
         <repainting>
            <date/>
            <desc/>
         </repainting>
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                  <note/>
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         <commentaries>
            <head>Commentary</head>
            <section type="intro">
               <head>Introduction</head>
               <p>The picture is yet another exploration of the figure of a dangerous Beauty, nearly always
      represented as a woman (e.g., <xref doc="a.s32.rap">
                     <hi rend="i">La Belle Dame Sans Merci</hi>
                  </xref>, <xref doc="a.s205.rap">
                     <hi rend="i">Lilith</hi>
                  </xref>). This work is perhaps most
      closely related to the elaborate oil of 1877, <xref doc="a.23-1869.s248.raw">
                     <title level="wrk">
                        <hi rend="i">A Sea Spell</hi>
                     </title>
                  </xref>, which gives another representation of a siren. In <hi rend="i">Ligeia Siren</hi> the
      vessel in the seascape background is a clear allusion to Ulysses and the general tradition of
      sailing adventurers who are lured toward destruction by the singing of the sirens.</p>
               <p>Traditonal Greek legend most often names Parthenope, Ligeia, and Leucosia as the sirens, but
      different texts identify as many as eight sirens. In a <xref doc="a.sonnets.prinms.rad" from="[5v]">manuscript draft</xref> of epigraphs for his early poem <xref doc="a.3-1849.raw">
                     <title level="wrk">&#8220;The Card-Dealer&#8221;</title>
                  </xref>, DGR invented a source text with three sirens named Telxiope, Telsinoe, and
      Aglaophemia. DGR's most intense textual treatments of this set of topics and themes is made in
       <xref doc="a.47p-1869.raw">
                     <title level="wrk">&#8220;The Doom of the Sirens&#8221;</title>
                  </xref> and the related story <xref doc="a.34-1869.raw">
                     <title level="wrk">&#8220;The Orchard-pit&#8221;</title>
                  </xref>.</p>
            </section>
            <section type="texthistcomp">
               <head>Textual History: Composition</head>
               <p/>
            </section>
            <section type="texthistrev">
               <head>Textual History: Revision</head>
               <p/>
            </section>
            <section type="prodhist">
               <head>Production History</head>
               <p>The chalk drawing was begun in late February 1873 and completed, apparently, in March. He
      wrote to Madox Brown on February 26 that &#8220;We have in the house a singular housemaid
      of advanced ideas, known to Dunn, and come hither as a model, not as a housemaid. I am making
      a drawing of her, and she does well enough.&#8221; The model, he noted in a letter to
      Brown of 4 March, was &#8220;one found by Dunn [and I] have made from her a drawing
      nearly down to the knees of a naked Siren playing on an extraordinary lute, which is certainly
      one of my best doings. I might probably have set to and painted it, but the girl could not
      stay longer at present.&#8221; On March 2 DGR wrote to Howell, who bought the picture from
      him, that &#8220;I have had a model here for four days - she went yesterday evening. I
      repainted from her that head in Leyland's picture, and have made a drawing from
      her&#8212;naked and almost to the knees&#8212;of a Siren playing on a lute. It is
      one of my very best things, and the <hi rend="i">unpopular central detail</hi> [i.e., her
      pudendum] will eventually be masked by a fillet of flying drapery coming from a veil twisted
      in the hair so as to render it saleable.&#8221; (see <bibl>
                     <author>Fredeman</author>,
       <xref doc="a.pr5246.a4.2002.rad" link="dead">
                        <title level="bk">
                           <hi rend="i">Correspondence</hi>
                        </title>
                     </xref>, <pages>73.62, 73.64, 73.68</pages>
                  </bibl>). </p>
            </section>
            <section type="recepthist">
               <head>Reception</head>
               <p/>
            </section>
            <section type="icon">
               <head>Iconographic</head>
               <p/>
            </section>
            <section type="pictorial">
               <head>Pictorial</head>
               <p/>
            </section>
            <section type="historical">
               <head>Historical</head>
               <p/>
            </section>
            <section type="literary">
               <head>Literary</head>
               <p/>
            </section>
            <section type="translation">
               <head>Translation</head>
               <p/>
            </section>
            <section type="autobio">
               <head>Autobiographical</head>
               <p/>
            </section>
            <section type="biblio">
               <head>Bibliographic</head>
               <p>
      
                  <bibl>
                     <author>Fredeman</author>,
       <xref doc="a.pr5246.a4.2002.rad" link="dead">
                        <title level="bk">
                           <hi rend="i">Correspondence</hi>
                        </title>
                     </xref>, <pages>73.62, 73.64, 73.68</pages>.</bibl>
                  <bibl>
                     <author>Marillier</author>, <xref doc="a.nd497.r8.m33.rad" from="172">
                        <title level="bk">
                           <hi rend="i">DGR: An Illustrated Memorial</hi>
                        </title>
                     </xref>, <pages>172</pages>.
      </bibl>
      
                  <bibl>
                     <author>Surtees</author>, <xref doc="a.n6797.r58s9.vol1.rad" from="134" workcode="1-1872.s233">
                        <title>
                           <hi rend="i">A Catalogue Raisonné</hi>
                        </title>
                     </xref>,  vol. 1, <pages>134 (no. 234)</pages>.</bibl>
      
                  <bibl>
                     <author>WMR</author>, <xref doc="a.nd497.r8r8.rad" workcode="s234" from="85">
                        <title level="bk">
                           <hi rend="i">DGR as Designer and Writer</hi>
                        </title>
                     </xref>, <pages>85</pages>.
      </bibl>
               </p>
            </section>
         </commentaries>
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   </ramheader>
   <readingtext/>
   <viewingimage>
      <xref doc="a.s234.rap">Private Collection chalk drawing</xref>
   </viewingimage>
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      <wc fileid="a.s234.rap.xml" archivetype="rap" type="drawing" image="a.s234.tif">
         <title>Ligeia Siren</title>
         <author/>
         <artist>DGR</artist>
         <editor/>
         <date>1873  1873 </date>
         <medium>coloured chalks</medium>
         <repro>1</repro>
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